Contemporary Marketing Assignment On Ferrari

Contemporary Marketing Assignment On Ferrari Ferrari S.p.A. is an Italian sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy. Founded by Enzo Ferrari in 1929, as Scuderia Ferrari, the company sponsored drivers and manufactured race cars before moving into production of street-legal vehicles as Ferrari S.p.A. in 1947. Throughout its history, the company has been noted for its continued participation in racing, especially in Formula One, where it has had great success. Ferrari has produced a number of concept cars, such as the Ferrari Mythos. While some of these were quite radical (such as the Ferrari Modulo) and never intended for production, others such as the Ferrari Mythos have shown styling elements which were later incorporated into production models. The most recent concept car to be produced by Ferrari themselves was the 2010 Ferrari Millechili. A number of one-off special versions of Ferrari road cars have also been produced, some of which have been commissioned by wealthy owners. One of the examples is the Ferrari P4/5. The Special Projects program is collaboration by Ferrari with Italian automobile coachbuilders such as Fioravanti, Pininfarina, and Zagato to build custom cars using selected Ferrari models as a structural base. The first car under this program is the SP1, commissioned by a Japanese business executive. The second is the P540 Superfast Aperta, commissioned by an American enthusiast. Ferrari has considered making hybrids. A F430 Spider that runs on ethanol was displayed at the 2008 Detroit Auto Show. Ferrari has announced that a hybrid will be in production by 2015. At the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, Ferrari unveiled a hybrid version of their flagship 599. Called the HY-KERS Concept, Ferraris hybrid system adds more than 100 horsepower on top of the 599 Fioranos 612 HP. Ferrari is a myth and a legend in the automotive industry. The Ferrari tale is one of an astounding and unique worldwide success. An unparalleled one. Ferrari success cannot be measured in terms of revenues and sales, or in terms of market capitalization. Ferrari never made an IPO and is not even quoted in any stock exchange market. Ferrari success has to be measured only in terms of Brand Value and Product Value. Probably the Ferrari brand is worth more than the Google brand, the Apple brand, Nike, GE, IBM, BMW, Mercedes, Exxon, Shell, or any other brand. No other brand has the allure of the Ferrari Brand. Ferrari is known and is highly valued everywhere in the world. Yet, Ferrari never spent a penny in advertisement. HISTORY: Enzo Ferrari was born in Modena Italy on February 18 1898. He came from a well to do family that owned a metal foundry making railroad parts, they were the first in his town to own a car. When WWI came Enzos father and brother (Dino) were drafted into the Italian army, whom both died from influenza in 1916. Enzo was forced to leave school to run the foundry, when the business collapsed he started work as a metalworker at the Modena Fire Brigade workshop in order to support his widowed mother. Enzo himself was later drafted into the Italian army where he worked shoeing mules for the mountain artillery, after a few months he becomming seriously ill and was released from the military. Not interested in going back to shcool and against his mothers will, he found work as a test driver in Turin in late 1918. Enzo then moved to Milan to work at CMN (Costruzioni Maccaniche Nazionali) as a racing car driver. His first real race came in the 1919, the Parma-Berceto, he then entered the Targa Fl orio that same year. Enzo then founded Scuderia Ferrari, (literally means Ferrari Stable) who were mainly sponsers and trainers for Alfa Romeo. He was officially hired by Alfa Romeo as head of their racing department in 1938, then in 1940, upon learning of the companys plan to take control of his beloved Scuderia, he quit Alfa. Since he was prohibited by contract from racing for several years, the Scuderia briefly became Auto Avio Costruzioni Ferrari, which ostensibly produced machine tools and aircraft accessories for Piaggio and RIV as Italy was gearing up for WWII. Ferrari did in fact produce one race car, the Tipo 815, in the non-competition period; it was thus the first actual Ferrari car, but due to the war it saw little competition. In 1943 the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it has remained ever since. The factory was bombed in 1944 due to making machines for ball bearing production, it was rebuilt in 1946 to include a works for road car production. The first Ferrari road car was the 1947 125 S, powered by a 1.5-litre V12 engine; Enzo reluctantly built and sold his automobiles to fund the Scuderia. Since then, company cars, driven by the best drivers, have racked up over 5,000 successes on race tracks and roads all over the world, creating a legend. The most important achievements have been 9 Formula 1 Drivers World titles, 14 Manufacturers World titles, 8 Formula 1 Constructors World Championships, 9 wins at the Le Mans 24 Hours race, 8 at the Mille Miglia, 7 at the Targa Florio, and, up to the end of 1997, 113 wins in Formula 1 Grands Prix. While  Enzos beautiful and blazingly fast cars quickly gained a reputation for excellence, Enzo maintained a famous distaste for his customers, most of whom he felt were buying his cars for the prestige and not for racing. Ferrari has long been one of the ultimate toys for the rich and young (or young-at-heart). Ferrari cars feature highly-tuned small V8 and V12 engines, often in a mid-engined configuration. But until the introduction of fuel injection in the 1980s, they were quite temperamental and were dificult to maintain. Before the mid 1980s they carried a reputation for unreliability and bad engineering, though these were written off by enthusiasts as character. Ferrari owners have famously and religiously defended the merits of their cars while virulently criticizing other brands. PESTEL ANALYSIS: ACADAMIC REVIEW Through the appliance of PEST analysis a manager can examine their disclosure towards the set of possible surrounding problem (McGee et al.2005,p.13). Thomas, H (2007) (jain, 1981) defined PEST an early warning system for the environmental force which may impact a companys products and markets in the future. Moutinho, L and Evans,M (1992, pp.247) POLITICAL: ECONOMICAL: SOCIAL: TECHNOLOGICAL: ENVIOURAMNETAL: LEGAL: SWOT ANALYSIS: ACADAMIC REVIEW Barney gave SWOT a new meaning as a basic step for a firm to connect its resources to achieve advantages competitively. Barney (1991) Conventionally SWOT has been seen as a structure formed by properly combining various factors that are well thought-out significant in order to assess a firms planned position at a reasonable souk. Porter (1981). Synthesizing process creates value not only in aligning components, but also in creatively re-arranging them. Liedtke (2000, p. 22) STREANGHT OF FERRARI Extremely strong brand image Innovation technology Well motivated work-force Attitude towards new challenges WEEKNESS OF FERRARI Ferraris business model fuel efficiency emissions Due to huge waiting list Ferrari looses many customers. OPPERTUNITES FOR FERRARI Growth in the global market Expansion of the brand in new Market Enlargement of customer base Development of technology concept car THREATS FOR FERRARI Automotive policies from varies countries Tough competition Slow rate of expanding STREANGHT OF FERRARI: Extremely strong brand image. Products that are a fine combination of beauty aesthetics combined with unforgettable performance. The brand has connected to itself an aura of mystique. It is looked upon as a status symbol for general people. Ferrari takes on new challenges on a constant basis with a head on attitude. Innovation technology are key drivers behind every product. A very inspired, well taken care of satisfied work-force who are proud to be attached with the brand. This was further expressed publicly when Ferrari was voted the Best Place to Work in Europe 2007à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ³. WEEKNESS OF FERRARI: Ferraris business model, based around low volumes, removes the possibility of employing certain technological solutions. That same business model also limits their sales volumes even though a lot more demand is present in the market. Due to their waiting list model, they lose out on customers to the competition. A big challenge lying in wait is fuel efficiency emissions which are growing in importance every day, thanks to spreading concerns over the environment. OPPERTUNITES FOR FERRARI: Growth in the global market for high-performance super-cars due to growing economies developing nations. Expansion of the brand through entering into new important automotive markets like India wherein competitors like Porsche have already set up base. Enlargement of customer base (increase appeal of their products to a more variety of buyers) through adding comfort, roominess, luggage space, engines that are more user friendly, and so on, while at the same time maintaining traditional Ferrari characteristics-performance, style, exclusivity. Ferrari has been exploiting this aspect for a while it has been a key contributor to their success in the past 15 years. Development of technology (for example interfacing electronics with mechanical systems) has opened up new avenues to explore for their products. Packaging i.e. the concept of the car is another area which still has years to explore. THREATS FOR FERRARI: Automotive policies being pushed by countries continents all over the world which are being strictly enforced like the emission norms of 130g/km of CO2 are very difficult to keep up with due to the performance oriented nature of the engines built by Ferrari. Tough competition from other iconic super car brands like Lamborghini Porsche A competing brand like Porsche does not follow the same low volumes, high on exclusivity model which is followed by Ferrari hence sells a lot more of its products captures a large chunk of the market share. Once again, competitors like Lamborghini Porsche are expanding their product range to high performance SUVs wherein Porsche has already been very successful with its Cayenne model, all over the world in particular, in India, which has lead to its success in the Indian market. Ferrari has not announced any plans for such a product (high-performance SUV) as of yet i.e.-2009. MARKETING MIX: Product High Performance super cars. Though the company is also heavily into 3rd party merchandising. Pricing Priced at a premium, they start at prices upwardly of 175,000 $US. Vintage Ferrari cars are also a great investment as Vintage Ferraris appreciate in value are known to cost millions of US Dollars Promotions The strongest promotion for Ferrari is in its merchandising. It already enjoys immense awareness throughout the world; even in places it doesnt do any promotion. To the extent that in India, wherein the brand is not even present as of yet, it is very well known. Furthermore, the merchandising is done on a royalty license basis to other brands (E.g. Puma selling Ferrari-Puma branded shoes). Place It has its exclusive Ferrari dealerships spread over 52 countries as of yet with plans to expand its dealerships to other countries markets. People A very inspired, well taken care of satisfied work-force who are proud to be attached with the brand is what Ferrari offers its people. With factories, production units workplaces built around the safety health of its workers, Ferrari was voted the Best Place to Work in Europe 2007à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ³. Process They are reliant heavily into RD, innovation staying at the cutting edge of technology. Therefore, their process is in a constant state of flux which is forever changing adapting with what the environment around them demands. Physical Evidence Dealerships across the globe showcasing their cars along with merchandise offering the customer a lounge sort of experience rather than that of a showroom. This is done keeping in mind the lifestyle of their potential custom As from the above table BCG MATRIX: ACADAMIC REVIEW The BCG growth-share mould was extremely significant. It made noticeable the concern of allotment across companies, that some businesses should fabricate ready money that supports others. Aaker, A.D. (1988,pp.133) The fundamental compositions of the BCG mould have stayed admired and are still integrated in almost every MBA syllabus. Calandro Jr, j and lane, S (2007) Star Ferrari 275 Ferrari 360 Ferrari 420 Ferrari F512 Ferrari F60 Ferrari F70 ? Ferrari Spider 458 Ferrari hybrid F151 Ferrari F70 Cash Cow Enzo Ferrari Ferrari Mondial Ferrari Testarossa Ferrari California Dog None According to the BCG matrix, Cars like Enzo Ferrari, Mondial, Testarossa, California are the most cash generating cars of the company. This cars generates the maximum amount of the revenue for the company. Other than these Cars like Ferrari 275, 360, 420, 512, F60 and F70 are the most selling cars as it is liked by consumers. Cars like Spider, Hybrid S70 are some new project of the company which are under development. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE: As from the above figure tells us, the Enzo Ferrari car is in its Maturity period. This car has been a big success for the company since the day of its launch. Though Enzo Ferrari is an old car but cause of its revived versions taken out by the company, the car never loses its grip in the Market. PORTERS FIVE: ACADAMIC REVIEW Porters work in 1980, Competitive Strategy (book), and his set-up of the porters five force presented a structure to study the peripheral surrounding orderly as a technique of budding and ready for action tactics Michael E. Porter (1998[1980]). Calandro Jr, J and Lane, S (2007) Michael E. Porters five force model has been developed by Succeeding practitioners. Though testing such kind of examination may be extremely difficult as it do not sums up simply Robert Simpson and Antonio Davila (1998). Calandro Jr, J and Lane, S (2007) Michael E. Porter claimed if an association has to develop an aggressive tactic it should initially calculate its situation inside the business alongside the five aspects; supplier consumer bargain power, Threats to new entrants substitute, Cut- throat rivalry. Tay, L (2006) SHELL MATRIX: ACADAMIC REVIEW Business position of shell matrix appears much appropriate for a merchandise range investigation motive is a variety of aspects depicting market pleasant appearance along with industry status establishes the progression of a manufactures good beside its life tenure, Chee, H Harris, R. (1998,pp.61) Rich Elite Class Targeted Audience Luxury Hotels Airlines Europe India Strong Brand name image Loyal Customers MARKET ATTRACTIVENESSHigh Low Medium High Medium Low COMPANYS STRENGHT !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ANSOFF MATRIX: ACADAMIC REVIEW Several writers have remarked on the boundaries of strategic alternative presented towards the small firm, by good value of such features as small market share and precincts of resources and talent (e.g. Carson, 198). Watts, G et al. (1998) Ansoff (1965) some time ago assumed that strategy and objectives are interchangeable both at different points in time and different levels within the organisation. Thus elements of strategy at a high level become objectives at lower level. Adcock, D (2000,pp.21) The Ansoff growth matrix guides an organisation in relation to ocus their labours and consideration. Lake, N (2002,pp.145) New Product Existing Product MARKET PENITRATION Different Schemes. Warranty on its products. Free servicing for a specific period. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT Investing in Research Development. Add new products to product range. Feedback/customer survey. MARKET DEVELOPMENT Super Bikes. Cloths/ Accessories. Airlines. Luxury Hotels. DIVERSIFICATION Airlines Existing market New Market (Model adapted from Mindtools, 2010 own research) As from the above Marketing tool we can conclude that Enzo Ferrari car the Ferrari Company has a very diverse market for Development penetration. MARKET PENITRATION: The Company has a wide scope of penetrating the market by giving its customers varies attractive schemes. These schemes can be seasonal in nature also. At present the company doesnt have any schemes like its competitors. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: The Company can widen their product range by entering into new market. Ferrari can also invest in research development to enhance its existing product range to innovate new cars. Company can also take feedbacks on its products as this can also help enhancing the product. MARKET DEVELOPMENT: The Company has a big opportunity in the new market. Ferrari can make sports Bike as it is connected to the field in which the company is from last 100 years. This new shift can add a boost to the company brand name sales. The company equally has a scope in the Domestic Airline sector. It can start a new airline as it already provides some spare parts of airplane to the company like Boeing Airbus. Luxury Hotels can also be a possible profitable business for a brand like Ferrari. DIVERSIFICATION: The Company can diversify and explore new possible field like in airline business. This field isnt new for Ferrari as it produces many spare parts and engines for small airplanes. This business is highly profitable and can increase the brand value of the Ferrari. RECOMENDATIONS The following recommendations are taken from the critical study of all the above Matrixes Analysis. Expanding the existing Market: The Ferrari needs to expand needs existing market as its fan following is the worldwide and the consumer doesnt find it easy to export the car from other country as it cost highly. The company can wider its network in countries like China, India, Brazil where their isnt a single outlet of the company but has a wide scope for Ferrari cars as this countrys economy is booming. Services: No doubt that Ferrari has an excellent quality of services for its customers. But due to its in box policy (Services are available in very limited countries) the customer think twice before buying a Ferrari Car. 3rd Party Merchandizing: Ferrari is already in the 3rd party merchandizing but in a very limited area, e.g. Caps, T-shirts, etc. The company should expand its area and try to explore new areas. This new field of merchandizing has a great opportunity as revenue can also be generated which is helpful for companys growth. Sponsorship: The company heavily invest in sponsorship especially in formula 1. Due to this mostly racing community is acquainted with the name of Ferrari. Sponsoring various even like Olympics, Football can be a great deal. This could also add some reputation to the companys image. Sponsoring a global event always attract more peoples attention than the methods of sponsoring like T.V, Radio, etc. Charity: Charity is almost done by every big firm or name as its attracts the people in an emotional way. Donating in charity always attracts media attention due to which free publicity is also created the brand name gets a moral touch in the general consumers eye. Eco-Friendly: The company should start concentrating on the eco friendly issues as the general public is getting more aware of it. Unlike other Ferrari cars has a less mileage with emission of more gasses [About 3 Lit. for a Km]. The Ferrari should make some changes in its V12 engine as it has some world best engineers with them from the eco friendly point of view. The Ferrari should also come up with a car which doesnt work on fossil fuel., e.g. Hydrogen, Water, Electricity just like its counterpart are doing to gain special attention. Due to this the image of the company can also change for good. Entering into new Financial fields: The Ferrari S.P.A is a company which is almost 100 years old but still its name isnt on any stock exchange in the world. Enlisting its name in a stock exchange can add some serious revenue inflow in the company. They should also disclose its financial Audit e.g. Profit Loss statement, Balance sheet, etc to the general public officially. Cause of this the company- customer relation can strengthen up. New methods of Brand Promotion: Ferrari should indulge into some new ways of promoting itself e.g. Internet, media, etc. Ferrari doesnt follow any promoting schemes for its Brand in anyway. Due to this the consumer arent aware of Ferrari and its new launches. The Ferrari website is so far the best website in the internet but it still needs some improvement e.g. If the visitor could make its own Ferrari car in a innovated way. This technique can be used not only form the gaming points of view but also economically. If the customers are allowed to choose how their car will be it could be a great deal. Even from the hits on the site which are made by the visitors, the revenue can be generated. Ferrari should advertise in social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc where they can grab the attention of the general public directly with a more effective way. Exploring new possibilities: The Company should explore new possibilities in terms of its Car range. Although the Brand name Ferrari is known for its Super Sports Car but to grab new market in this competitive world the company should launch some variants of cars in new segments like SUV, Luxury, Small, etc. This possible increase the sales of the company with the brand name more familiar and household. There is also a lot of opportunities for Ferrari in this new segments of cars. The company can also explore its possibilities in sports bikes segment as it only manufactures sports cars. This new tag can go with the Ferrari. Cost cautious Policy: The company can be a bit cost cautious as the cheapest Ferrari is about $300,000, which is a large amount. By reducing the cost of the car the sales of the company can increase, as there are many people who are willing to buy this car. The company can also use its hand in the car reselling market. This could also generate a fair amount of money. By increasing the sales, employment in the company will also increase as there is just hand full of labours in Ferrari due to its modernised and mechanised techniques of making cars. BIBLOGRAPY Aaker, A.D. (1988) Strategic Marketing Management.5th ed. United States of America, Courier/Westford. Adcock, D. (2000) Marketing Strategies for Competitive Advantage. Midsomer Norton, Bookcraft (Bath) Ltd. Calandro Jr, J and Lane, S. (2007) Conceptual paper. A New Competitive Analysis Tool: the relative profitability and growth matrix [Internet], 35(2), pp.30-38. Available from: [Accessed 6 December 2010]. Chee, H and Harris, R. (1998) Global Marketing Strategy. GREAT BRITAIN, FINANCIAL TIMES PITMAN PUBLISHING. Lake, N. (2002) The Strategic Planning Workbook. Great Britain, Clays Ltd. Mindtools.(2010) Ansoff Matrix [Internet]. Available from: [Accessed 7 December 2010]. Moutinho, L and Evans, M. (1992) Applied Marketing Research. Harlow, England, Addison Wesley. Tay, L. (2006) Case study. Strategic facilities management of Suntec Singapore International Convention and Exhibition Centre: A case study [Internet], 24(3/4), pp.120-131. Available from: [Accessed 7 December 2010]. Thomas, H. (2007) Viewpoint. An analysis of the environment and competitive dynamics of management education [Internet], 26(1), pp.9-21. Available from: [Accessed 5 December 2010]. Watts, G et al. (1998) Research paper. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour Research [Internet], 4(2), pp. 101-111. Available from: [Accessed 5 December 2010]. Ferrari FAQ. (2006). Ferrari History.[Internet]. Available from :. [Last accessed 13th November 2010].

Five Management Functions in the Army

Every successful organization uses the five management functions; but not many can compare with the United States Armed Forces. I am currently serving in the U. S. Army and this organization has effectively applied the five management functions, because its existence depends on those five functions. They Army is constantly engaging in the five management functions; their operations are well led, organized, carefully planned, staffed, and constantly evaluated. I do not believe there is any organization other than the military where you would see these five functions linking so well coordinated.â€Å"Planning is a systematic process in which managers make decisions about future activities and the key goals that the organization will pursue. The necessity of careful environmental scanning has an immediate impact on planning processes† (Reilly, Minnick, and Baack, 2011, sec. 7. 2). Making plans for future activities is one of the Army’s key functions; without planning its s ubordinate commands would deteriorate and lose focus on mission objectives and the quality of work.In the Army, we use the Eight-Step Training Model; for which planning always starts out backwards by starting with the objective and working its way back to day zero. The planning is then broken down into three phases; long term, short-term and near term depending on the size of the organization or unit. I find the planning phase in the Army to be very effective because it is important for employees or soldiers to know what needs to happen in the days ahead. â€Å"The design methodology provides a means of approximating complex problems that allows for meaningful action† (Grigsby, 2011, p.  30).Proper use of planning in the Army keeps the employees motivated and goal oriented. When planning in the Army goes wrong, you have Soldiers sitting around waiting on orders, people go unaccounted for, and will eventually negatively affect the other four management functions. Leadership is one of the key elements of the Army; in fact, it is one of its core values. Without the function of leading, the military would have no effect. The Army depends on leadership to be able to effectively organize, staff, plan, and control in order to have a productive work environment.â€Å"Leading in a business context, consists of all activities undertaken to help people achieve the highest level of performance† (Reilly, Minnick, and Baack, 2011, sec. 7. 2). In the Army everyone is a leader to a certain extend because we all have the same goal. We are taught that â€Å"leadership is having the ability to influence people by providing purpose, direction, and motivation while operating to accomplish the mission and improving the organization†; when asked â€Å"What is leadership? † that will be the answer you will get from every Soldier (Department of the Army, 2006).The Army, like other military services, is unique for leader development for two reasons; one is because the system is made so that you either move up in rank or get out; in other words if you fail to get promoted after a certain amount time then it is time for you to get out. In civilian organizations, employees can attain a certain level and remain that level until retirement. Second reason for its uniqueness in leadership is that they do not hire leaders outside of their organization; instead, senior level positions become filled by the individuals that are able to achieve promotion within the same organization (Fallesen, 2011).â€Å"Organizing is the process of bringing people and resources together to create products and services in an efficient and effective manner† (Reilly, Minnick, and Baack, 2011, sec. 7. 2). In order for the Army to work, it requires a lot of organization; this is because there are so many different components that are required in order to make it operational and self-sufficient. Due to the size of the Army and any other military components; i t is important to departmentalize different parts of it but essentially these parts have to be able to complement each other and work together to achieve mission success.Take a deployment for example; when the Army deploys, it deploys several different units. These units have different tasks that will allow the entire organization to function as a whole; this means that if an infantry unit is due to deploy it will not deploy by itself, several different units will deploy to support the main objective. In other words, one part of the organization is tasked with the mission; the other portions of the organization will provide support such as transportation, resources, administrative support, etc.In order to make this happen, these organizations must train together in order to know how each of their functional bodies fit into each other’s mission. It is almost like pieces to a puzzle watching different parts of the Army work together; even if they have never worked together or t rained together, these organizations are able to fall in sync and make it happen. Using the management function of organization in the Army requires strong leadership and careful planning because if not properly executed the end results could be catastrophic and the loss unmentionable.The Army is a unique organization that values history and tradition, in order to preserve its heritage the Army has many different criteria that individuals must meet or exceed. It is important for military leadership to choose the right individuals to join their ranks because these will be their future leaders; for this reason, staffing is a very important management function. â€Å"Staffing shares the human element with leading. Staffing involves choosing the right people.Leading includes enticing the highest levels of performance from those people† (Reilly, Minnick, and Baack, 2011, sec. 7. 2). Whether it is a time of war or peace, the Army’s recruiting mission is probably one of the h ardest and most demanding jobs. Recruiters are trained to select and train new Soldiers prior to shipping them off to Basic Training. To become a recruiter one must have exceptional leadership capabilities and it means that one must be willing and able to sacrifice a lot of personal and family time.Recruiters are the sales-people of the Army, they must spend time with new recruits, influencing them and teaching them the core values of the organization. It takes a lot of commitment, because new recruits are not obligated to anything until they actually sign their contract the day they ship off Basic Training. At the same time, this gives recruiters the insight they need to determine if an individual belongs in the Army or not. As my previous leaders have often said, â€Å"You chose the Army, it did not choose you†.It takes a certain type of individual to join the service, not everyone is made for the military. Aside from recruiting goals, the Army also has retention goals in o rder to maintain a certain level of strength in the military. Prior deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan, the military’s retention goals and recruitment goals went up in order to satisfy the demand for troops overseas and troops to replace the ones overseas. It shaped and evolved the organization in order to meet these demands; it also required changes in its structure, resources, and planning.Because of the Army’s staffing needs during two simultaneous wars, we saw changes like rescinding the â€Å"Don’t Ask Don’t Tell Policy† and the opening of combat roles for women in the military. â€Å"Controlling has one element in common with staffing. Both are involved in the performance appraisal process for individual employees. Standards link controlling and planning. Further, controlling begins the process of creating the next set of plans† (Reilly, Minnick, and Baack, 2011, sec. 7. 2).The Army takes feedback seriously, for this reason they have implemented many different ways to gather information that will allow the organization to improve in every aspect. The Army does well at rewarding good performance and by doing so it gives Soldiers the inspiration they need to attain such rewards. Performance is evaluated in a matter that it provides its employees the feedback they need to improve in the areas identified and a way to help the Army identify anyone that does not need to be promoted to a leadership position.Another way the Army applies the control function is by using After Action Reviews, in which it collects information following every training exercise in order to make improvements and identify areas to sustain. After action reviews all allow Soldiers to identify areas that their leaders need to improve on, such as conduct or performance during the training exercises; in the civilian world it is usually referred as constructive criticism (Rakow, 2005). By using these evaluative tools, the Army is able to create flex ible leaders that are able to adapt and perform under any given circumstance.The five management functions are very effective and very necessary in the military. The Army and any other military branch are prime examples of how these functions are linked to one another and perfectly explain why one function cannot exist without the others. The success of the Army revolves around their effectiveness in applying these functions into their everyday operations; it allows them to operate smoothly, allocate the proper resources, groom its employees in to leaders, identify areas of improvement, and carefully plan and organize future training events and contingencies.

Obamas First-Term Domestic Agenda

Human And Social Interaction And Development Of Self

Concepts of oneself, include the perceptions one might have about status, class, abilities sociologists study how self-identity develops especially in relation to social factors as majority of them belive â€Å"One way in which a person s sense of self is constructed is by other people is by how others seem to regard and respond to us† (uts, p.22). Goffman uses the imagery of the theatre in order to portray the importance of human and social interaction and the development of self whilst Mead believes that self is developed through a constant internal conversion of â€Å"I† and â€Å"Me†. However, both researchers have been criticised due to their researches being considered as too deterministic. Mead is popular for his concept of â€Å"I† and â€Å"Me†. According to Mead the self has two sides the â€Å"I† which is about the persons individuality e.g. â€Å"How do I want to behave?† in this given situation and The â€Å"Me† which represents the attitude of others e.g. â€Å"How does society want me to behave†. Mead believes that this is how we deal with all situations and only when a comprise between â€Å"I† and â€Å"Me† is met is when action is taken. Ritzer supported this as he stated that â€Å"individuals carry society around with them, giving them ability, through self-criticism, to control themselves† (Ritzer, 2008) Mead stated this constant battle of â€Å"I† and â€Å"Me† is continuous as he states that we chose to show ourselves differently to different people depending on the value of their relationship to our â€Å"I† and theShow MoreRelatedCooley And Mead s Theories1287 Words   |  6 PagesAs humans grow and develop, we become more complex and structured through the process of interaction and communication. Socialization becomes an important key in understanding society and individuals while also getting a glimpse into evolution and progression. Articles by Mead and Cooley provide different perspectives on the human advancement of the â€Å"self’† by looking at early stages of development and maturation. The idea of social self and socialization allows for individuals to build their identityRead MoreMead s Theory Of Self And Society1518 Words   |  7 PagesMead s Theory of Self and Society According to this theory, Mead suggested that people live in a world that is in a large part constructed in accordance with social and societal norms. He believed that objects, events, and behaviors come from the interpretation people give them, and interpretations vary from one group to another. In specific, the meaning of objects, events, and behaviors comes from the meaning people give these objects events, and behavior; thus, the interpretations may certainlyRead MoreThe Development Of Self Concept Essay818 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to this theory, people inhabit the â€Å"generalized other† and their realization through the â€Å"play† and â€Å"game† stages of the development of self-consciousness. The development of self-concept is a process by which we incorporate the attitudes of others toward our self. Our idea of who we are versus the rest of society develops through play, when, as children, we pretend to be parents and teachers and become consc ious of the roles that discrete individuals play in our lives; later, in the gameRead MoreApplication of Need Theory by Virginia Henderson1051 Words   |  5 PagesHUMANS Virginia Henderson Physiological 1. Breath normally 2. Eat and drink adequately 3. Eliminate body wastes 4. Move and maintain desirable postures 5. Sleep and rest 6.Select suitable clothes - dress and undress 7. Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying the environment. 8. Keep the body clean and well groomed and protect the integument. 9.Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others. 10.Communicate with others in expressing emotionsRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Development1060 Words   |  5 PagesTheories of human development deliver a framework to deliberate human growth, development, and learning. Understanding the theories can deliver useful contents into individuals and society a set of principles and concepts that describe life span development. Development perspectives are the psychoanalytic theory, behavior theory, humanistic approach and cognitive theory. Each theory focuses on different aspects of human development. The psychoanalytic is à ¢â‚¬Å"the approach stating that behavior is motivatedRead MoreSymbolic Interactionism And Social Psychology1407 Words   |  6 Pagesblock of micro-sociological thinking, related to anthropology and social psychology that bases the understanding of the society in communication and has greatly influenced the studies on media. This theory suggest that human interaction and communication is facilitated by words, gesture and other symbols that have acquired conventionalized meaning (Dictioinary). Symbolic interaction is a range of ideas that discuss how we as humans interact with the symbols of society. In this Paper will discuss theRead MoreSocial Learning Theory : Theory Of Reward And Punishment Of Behavioral Reinforcement955 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Learning Theory: Albert Bandura (1977), a psychologist, proposed social learning theory to integrate the behaviorism with the cognitive theory to explain why people behave in a certain way, irrespective of the type of environment they are in. Bandura tried to integrate the behavior, cognition, and the environment to postulate the social learning theory. Many academicians have seen Bandura as the neo-behaviorist theorist (positivist) despite the fact that he believed in self-help, self-regulationRead MoreThe Theory Of Nursing Theory1463 Words   |  6 Pagesnursing theory by explaining the importance of nursing theory. I will explore Imogene King’s Conceptual Framework and Theory of Goal Attainment and how it pertains to Emergency Nursing. Nursing leaders who strived to explain connections and interactions inside nursing practice develop nursing theory. These models provide the foundation of professional nursing practice, spawn additional knowledge and influence the course of nursing’s future. They furnish information pertaining to: definitionsRead MoreCharles Horton Cooley s Concept Of The Looking Glass Self870 Words   |  4 PagesCharles Horton Cooley fashioned the concept of the looking-glass ‘self,’ this concept was researched to learn how identity is shaped. The authors concluded that people shape their identity based on the perception of how they think others view them. Three ideas comprise the looking-glass ‘self’: First, we see in our mind’s eye how we appear to others, second we imagine their judgment of how we appear to them, and third we develop our ‘self’ (our own identity) receiving the judgments from others (IsaksenRead MorePsychology and U nderstanding Human Behavior1745 Words   |  7 PagesTwo: Adolescent Development in the Social Environment Gender and Sexual Orientation | | Details | Due | Points | Objectives | 1 2.1 Describe the social, biological, and psychological development of an individual during adolescence. 2.2 Analyze individual and family interactions associated with adolescence. 2.3 Explain the social constructs of gender and sexual orientation. | | | Reading | Read Ch. 6 of Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment.

No Child Left Behind - 2277 Words

In the case of No Child Left Behind (NCLB), is politics the enemy of problem solving? By examining selected political controversies surrounding NCLB, it will be demonstrated that politics is the enemy. Since NCLB’s enactment, vast amounts of research literature and news stories have been published on its effects, which demonstrates the impact and debate generated by this law. The major goals of this bipartisan legislation were to improve student performance through standardized testing by using data from annual test scores to measure each students’ and schools’ progress; to close the achievement gap between disadvantaged students and their better-off counterparts; and to hold teachers and schools accountable. All these actions were to†¦show more content†¦The aim is to â€Å"fix† low-performing schools. Schools and teachers would be held accountable, for low performance and the law was considered by many to be overly punitive rather than supp ortive (Jost, Ravitch). AYP leads to the next criticism of an NCLB outcome: â€Å"narrowing of the curriculum.† Because so much depends on how schools fare on these â€Å"high stakes tests,† in many schools, especially low-performing schools, fewer subjects are being taught, so more emphasis can be put on teaching reading and math and less time is being spent on developing children’s problem solving and critical thinking skills (Ravitch, Stecher, et.al.). Furthermore, to make room for honing test-taking skills, less time is being spent on teaching subjects in general. This practice is often referred to â€Å"teaching to the test.† The fact that too much time is spent working on practice tests is more than likely an unintended consequence of the law. Not only have schools modified their curriculum, but also states have adjusted their educational standards so that they are able to achieve NCLB’s requirement of AYP of 100 percent proficiency. Students â€Å"fell victim to what many observers called the school districts’ decisions to â€Å"dumb down† the standards for measuring proficiency. It’s a lot easier to push down yourShow MoreRelatedNo Child Left Behind958 Words   |  4 Pages Good intentions are no excuse to continue a fail policy. Since the No Child left Behind Act (NCLB) became in effect, teachers have been restricted to teach in a certain way. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, signed into law by President George W. Bush on January 8, 2002, which was a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. President Bush once said; â€Å"education is the gateway to a hopeful future for America’s children. America relies on good teachersRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind1974 Words   |  8 Pagesorder to improve education in America, we have to go to the root of our problem in the school system and find better ways to enforce new rules and regulations that wouldn’t be detrimental to both students, schools, and educators alike. The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act is having a negative effect on our education system because it reduces the choices of schools for parents, and the distribution of qualified teachers. It also has a negative impact on the amount that kids are able to learn in schoolRead More No Child Left Behind1472 Words   |  6 Pagesgone into many wars. Not just physical wars that I am considered about but also wars on education. The nation could destroy its own glory and way of the source of great future that it rely on by initiating a war on the minds of the children. No Child Left Behind (NCLB) is a federal education policy that was developed in 2001. (Lagana-Riordan and Aguilar 135). NCLB is a program designed to minimize the differences in the level of education that white or rich people get to poor African-American, HispanicRead MoreNo Child Left Behind555 Words   |  2 Pagesschools and their mission to build the mind and character of every child, from every background in every part of America.† Pr. George W. Bush. The No Child Left Behind Act has plenty of advantages such as: helping students with disabilities, guiding teachers and parents so that they can help the child, and push the child to succeed. Students with language disabilities will be at a disadvantage in reading. The No Child Left Behind has provides students with tutors and extra help with homework. PresidentRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Act1621 Words   |  7 Pages The support for the No Child Left Behind Act plummeted down shortly after the act passed. Many people supported the act at first simply because they supported the goals of the act, once they saw the results, their opinions changed. One of the biggest arguments towards No Child Left Behind is that it is unfair. People believed the resources of difference schools were unequal, and thought the Title 1 funding that the schools received should go to ensuring all schools had equal resources. Many peopleRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act1670 Words   |  7 PagesKentucky-SW 630 Abstract This literature review seeks to explore the Every Student Succeeds Act (2015), a bipartisan reauthorization and revision to the No Child Left Behind Act (2002). The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is the first law passed in fourteen years to address Reneeded changes to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). Considered progressive and innovative at the time of its passage, NCLB was the most dramatic and aggressive legislation enacted in decades and afforded theRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Essays1062 Words   |  5 Pages LITERATURE REVIEW Rushton talks about the funding for the No Child Left Behind is being held back if the students don’t do well on the standardized tests. So if the students don’t do well on the testing the teachers are being affected in the way of how much they are getting paid, also affects the school districts funding. This is encouraging the teachers not to teach the way they should, but they are teaching in the way of let’s just make the students do well on the standardized tests. In thisRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Act1418 Words   |  6 Pagessystematic oppression. The flowing water of oppression floods poor schools; drowning students with dreams, and giving no mercy. The only ones safe from the water are the privileged, who are oblivious to the fact that it exists. George Bush s No Child Left Behind Act, which passed in 2002, mandated annual standardized testing in math and reading. If schools received insufficient scores, they were punished or shut down. This fueled the construed concept that a school is only doing well if the studentsRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act2120 Words   |  9 PagesWhen President George W. Bush signed the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) into law in 2002, the legislation had one goal-- to improve educational equity for all students in the United States by implementing standards for student achievement and school district and teacher performance. Before the No Child Left Behind Act, the program of study for most schools was developed and implemented by individual states and local communities’ school boards. Proponents of the NCLB believed that lax oversightRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act875 Words   |  4 PagesThe No Child Left Behind Act â€Å"NCLB† was a bill passed by the Senate in 2001 and signed into law by President George W. Bush on January 8, 2002. It was a revision of the Elementary and Secondary Act â€Å"ESEA† of 1965 by President Lyndon Johnson. The NCLB was intended to help children in lower-income families achieve the same standard of education as children in higher income families. This was done by the federal government providing extra finances for Title I schools in exchange for a rise in academic

What are the Advantages of focus group research Free Essays

1.0 Explanation of Focus group research Focus group is small group selected from a wide population and sampled. Very common in marketing research and based open discussion to collect opinions or emotional response to a subject or area. We will write a custom essay sample on What are the Advantages of focus group research? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Focus group is a form of qualitative research. 2.0 Advantages of focus group research In the marketing, focus groups are seen as an important tool for acquiring feedback. Main advantages for Zazen by choosing this tool are: More accurate information (Opinions or ideas can be refined by the group). Focus group interviews are more interesting than standard interviews, what cause longer and more revealing answers. Naturalness of the answers is greater in a focus group, because the questions are directed at a group rather than individuals. 3.0 Disadvantages of focus group research Focus group research has also some disadvantages, making different qualitative research techniques more effective. Preparing focus group question is a complicated task. The responses in the interview are can be different what make the analyze very difficult, or it may be no response what can be a serious problem as well. Focus groups are generally more expensive than other interview alternatives. Skilled moderator are difficult to find and very expensive. 4.0 Suitability of Focus Group research for Companies information The ZAZEN Company wish to know what is its brand image amongst current customers. Is the ecological and ethical image a major selling point for the brand? Focus group research will allow ZAZEN to find out the answers for those questions. This kind of research contain: synergism, snowballing, stimulation, security, spontaneity and speed which allow to generate more views, information, express their ideas and expose their feelings. People feel comfortable, their responses are spontaneous and reflecting an accurate idea of their views. It is difficult to make marketing research interesting for people, encourage them to respond or avoid self-selection bias in this type of survey, however data collection and analysis in focus group proceed relatively quickly what makes it more than suitable to meet the company’s information needs. 5.0 Explanation of the chosen research comparison Depth interviewing, is also known as unstructured interviewing and is a type of interview where researchers select information in order to achieve a holistic understanding of the situation. It is also used to explore interesting areas for further investigation. This type of interview involves asking people open-ended questions, and often involves qualitative data, so it’s called qualitative interviewing. 6.0 Advantages of research comparison Depth interview research is perfect for Zazen company to investigate personal, and confidential information which are unable to cover in a group format. It is also the best method for pre-testing, where individual interpretations and responses are wanted. Depth interviews are also ideal for researching people with busy lifestyles or living abroad. Because 90% of Zazen revenue is coming from US and Japan online sales it is a better choice than focus group 7.0 Disadvantages of research comparison The disadvantage of Depth interview research is that the respondent may feel uncomfortable and scared, because of the very private atmosphere. Many people are less willing to open in a small group opposite to group interview where atmosphere is relaxed. A well skilled interviewer can overcome this problem, by establishing the good rapport and trust. 8.0 Suitability of research comparison Zazen company have to know if the ecological and ethical image (â€Å"Soil association† approval, fair trade, not tested on animals, herbal/folk-remedy ingredients.) is a major selling point for the brand Information like, how customers see Zazen, and what they would like to improve are wanted as well. Depth interview research can be done online allowing Zazen company to avoid high cost of travelling to US and Japan. It will help ass well to reach those who are unlikely to attend a focus group because of their social status(senior businesspeople or doctors,), or cannot practically attend. (solo parents) 9.0 Conclusion Depth interviewing is widely used in many kind of different researches and is generally regarded as a powerful tool in extracting data with qualitative nature. Depth interview research has also the different features of being an open situation, and is using techniques such as probing. Focus group research is paying a particular attention on â€Å"the interaction and group dynamics†. That type of research can be an empowering process for participants, and an exciting challenge for all researchers as well because of its more interesting than other research methods nature and naturalness of the answears. Both research techniques are suitable to answer the Zazen’s questions, however because of the fact that responders are in US and Japan, Depth interview research will be a better solution. Is easier to carry on even on the distance, able to be run online and collect the information, focus group is unable to collect. It will be definitely the more extensive marketing research, but to ensure success, researchers should be sensitive to individuals situations and be flexible in different interviewing circumstances. To carry on focus group research abroad will be necessary to send well skilled and professional interviewers, what will effect in very high cost of the task. Inevitable will be as well employing some extra staff to organize accommodation, transport etc. With no doubts the recommended form of qualitative research is Depth Interview. Is cheaper, more suitable for this particular case, and will gain more interesting data. How to cite What are the Advantages of focus group research?, Essays

Critical Reflection Paper Dr. Martin Luther King Essay Example For Students

Critical Reflection Paper : Dr. Martin Luther King Essay Critical Reflection Paper Dr. Martin Luther King (1963) spoke eloquently as he declared, â€Å"I have a dream that my four little children will live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character† (p. 5). Dr. King’s dream of a character-based society is not one that denies its cultural diversity, but that celebrates it as an integral part of its character. Educators help create this society by using their knowledge, skills, and disposition to celebrate his or her students’ cultural heritage while refining characters to become productive members of society. Knowledge No one becomes a master carpenter experience, extensive knowledge, and necessary skills. The same applies to educating students of diverse cultures. Nieto (2010) makes an impassioned plea for multicultural education by citing her experience as an immigrant in a low-income home, parents who spoke only Spanish, and an educator who overcame many obstacles to success (p. 2). She writes, â€Å"Educational inequality is repugnant in a society that has pledged to provide an equal education for all students regardless of rank or circumstance. Yet educational inequality is commonplace in schools all over our country† (p. xiv). She provides an excellent overview of how to construct effective multicultural educational programs. Her characteristics of multicultural education (p. 68) create the foundation upon which we build comprehensive understanding insuring a teacher does more than give cursory asides to diversity in the classroom but appreciates fully the different gifts the students bring to the educational experience. Fundamental to multicultural education is recognizing how culture affects academic performance. Linda,. .ike servanthood and empathy. True empathy requires we demonstrate a servant heart characterizing Christ’s life as He served others with complete selflessness. Like Christ, we never use our power to benefit ourselves but our students. Being Christ-like requires we put student’s needs before our own as we serve them instead of standing on our rights. We strive to look through their eyes so that we might more effectively respond to their needs. Truly adopting this Christ-like attitude will enable us to deal effectively not only with our student’s personal needs but their educational needs as well. Today, effective multicultural education is critical if our schools are to educate our students effectively. Proponents and opponent alike need to recognize that true multicultural education is not new or novel but instead is the heart of the American cultural experience. ?